"You know, I am genuinely confused about why anyone would spoil the puzzle for you by telling you that it had something to do with gravity, and then not teach you any of the math you would need to do anything with that knowledge, or really actually know it at all." Namely calculus. "I'll have to think if there's anything I want to do with that. Possibly you weren't spoiled on at least some parts of that puzzle."
"We've now seen what's implicitly the hardest part of the problem that's most difficult to train: picking the right language to think in. Dath ilani kids get exposed to lots of problems that require 'jumping-out-of-the-system', finding a solution that violates what you thought were the rules, problems that are unsolvable until you look at them from the right angle of sideways, etcetera etcetera. I'll see what I can do about recollecting some of those and throwing them at you."
"The warning sign that you need to 'jump-out-of-the-system' is the feeling that you've just had. Well, that everyone except Carissa had. Frustration, flailing around in the dark, trying desperate wild ideas and getting unhelpful results one after another. When you feel like that, you're probably thinking in the wrong language, or missing something fundamental, or trying to do something that is in fact impossible. Or impossible using the tools you have."
"In the absence of that warning sign, if it's plausible you're thinking in the right language at all, the next step is trying ideas from that language, looking for one that works..."