Keltham describes the sad situation which eventuates when you do hand out dishonesty cards to kids. They work hard, propose splits that they guess are fair, not being able to trust the other person, and then sometimes those splits get rejected. The kids get angry! There is shouting! They get sent home for the day without having a solution shown to them, because it's good for them to sometimes dwell with problems that don't get solved immediately.
(He doesn't tell them about younger-Keltham's emotional difficulties with being asked to act out a dishonesty card; he has a sense that Chelaxians would have trouble relating, and say that even at age seven you should be able to understand that the game isn't real and just do what the card says.)
If Keltham has understood correctly, Cheliax considers the obvious game solution to be even splits of jellychips, irrespective of work difficulty; which is repeatedly randomly unfair, and hence asymptotically fair. Going into any one game, you are equally likely to get faced with a harder or an easier task for your fixed payment, and if you repeat that often enough, the expected unfairness as a fraction of all payments will drop as the square root of the number of repetitions. It's not actually too bad, as solutions go.
Still, if Cheliax already has a better solution to the dath ilani game, or to the real-world situation that it stands for, Keltham stands ready to hear it?