"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price, and the distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus.  The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again, meaning that there's a large consumer surplus when shoes get bought.  People are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than only a tiny bit better off because the cost of shoes is so high that it rips off almost all of the real benefit that people get from shoes.  Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."

"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price, and the distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus."

"The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again, meaning that there's a large consumer surplus when shoes get bought.  People are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than only a tiny bit better off because the cost of shoes is so high that it rips off almost all of the real benefit that people get from shoes.  Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."

"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price, and the distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus."

"The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again, meaning that there's a large consumer surplus when shoes get bought.  People are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than only a tiny bit better off because the selling price of shoes is so astronomical that it rips off almost all of the real benefit that people get from shoes.  Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."

"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices being what defines gains from trade.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price.  The distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus, the amount of the gains from trade that goes to the consumer."

"The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again, meaning that there's a large consumer surplus when shoes get bought.  People are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than only a tiny bit better off because the selling price of shoes is so astronomical that it rips off almost all of the real benefit that people get from shoes.  Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."

"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices being what defines gains from trade.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price.  The distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus, the amount of the gains from trade that goes to the consumer."

"The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again, meaning that there's a large consumer surplus when shoes get bought.  People are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than only a tiny bit better off because the selling price of shoes is so astronomical that cancels out almost but not quite all of the real benefit that people get from shoes."

"Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."

"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices being what defines gains from trade.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price.  The distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus, the amount of the gains from trade that goes to the consumer."

"The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again, meaning that there's a large consumer surplus when shoes get bought.  People are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than only a tiny bit better off because the selling price of shoes is so astronomical that it cancels out almost but not quite all of the real benefit that people get from shoes."

"Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."

"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices being what defines gains from trade.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price.  The distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus, the amount of the gains from trade that goes to the consumer."

"The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again, making there be a large consumer surplus when shoes get bought.  People are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than only a tiny bit better off because the selling price of shoes is so astronomical that it cancels out almost but not quite all of the real benefit that people get from shoes."

"Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."

"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices being what defines gains from trade.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price.  The distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus, the amount of the gains from trade that goes to the consumer."

"The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again, making there be a large consumer surplus when shoes get bought.  People are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than only a tiny bit better off because the selling price of shoes is so astronomical that it cancels out almost but not quite all of the real benefit that people get from shoes."

"Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."

"I have a sense that there's some breakdown of communications here, and I hypothesize that maybe it's a missing concept of consumer surplus as distinct from usual market prices being what defines gains from trade.  As we would put it, the consumer value to you of shoes isn't the amount you'd usually pay for shoes like that in a market, it's the amount you'd pay not to be forever forbidden from wearing shoes ever again, if there was some powerful anti-shoe magic otherwise about to afflict you, and you had to pay a fourth-circle wizard to counterspell it before it took effect.  In dath ilan, we'd usually expect the consumer value of an item to be noticeably higher than the selling price.  The distance between consumer value and selling price is the consumer surplus, the amount of the gains from trade that goes to the consumer."

"The market price of shoes should settle somewhere not too far from the costs of making leather and going to cobbler lessons, not settle at nearly the absolute maximum price that anybody around would pay to be allowed to ever wear shoes again.  So people are noticeably better off because of shoemakers existing at all, rather than being only a tiny bit better off because the selling price of shoes is so astronomical that it cancels out almost but not quite all of the real benefit that people get from shoes."

"Or, that's how we'd expect it to be in dath ilan."